う | え |
---|---|
上 |
noun, takes genitive case の, adverb, noun used as a suffix
- above, up, over, elder (e.g. daughter).
noun
- top, summit, head (e.g. of a staircase).
- surface.
noun, takes genitive case の, adverb
- before, previous.
noun, takes genitive case の
- superiority, one's superior, one's elder.
noun, adverb
- on top of that, besides, what's more, not only ... but. Following a verb or adjective.
- upon (further inspection, etc.), based on (and occurring after). Following a verb or noun.
- matters concerning ..., as concerns ....
- since (i.e. "for that reason"). As ~上は.
noun used as a suffix
- honorable, venerable. Honorific or respectful language. Suffix indicating higher social standing than the speaker.
- place of one's superior (e.g. the throne). Archaism.
- emperor, sovereign, shogun, daimyo. Archaism.
- noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman). Archaism.