to raise ②to appeal to (reason, emotions, etc.) ③to complain ④to sue (a person)

lawsuit

to lodge a complaint

to accuse

to resort to violence

to appeal to one's reason

to make an appeal

third-party action against execution

bypassing normal legal procedures and making a direct appeal to a top official (Edo period)

accusation

prosecution

litigation

direct appeal

petition

presenting a case

(written) indictment

accusation

appeal to a higher court

winning a (legal) case

civil action

false charges

prosecution ②impeachment

loss of a (legal) case

suspension of indictment

divorce suit

complainant

appeal made directly to a senior official without going through formalities

nonprosecution

administrative litigation (action)